- Festivals
Tihar, often called Deepawali or Yamapanchak, is one of Nepal’s most radiant and meaningful festivals. Celebrated for five days, it is the second biggest festival after Dashain and fills every home, street, and heart with light, music, and devotion.
Each day of Tihar carries its own significance, honoring animals, gods, and the bonds that bring people together.
Day 1: Kaag Tihar – Worship of the Crow
The festival begins with offerings of food to crows, the messengers of Yama, the god of death. People place food on rooftops or balconies, symbolizing a wish for good news and protection from sorrow.
Day 2: Kukur Tihar – Worship of the Dog
This day is famous worldwide as Kukur Tihar. Dogs are honored for their loyalty and guardianship. They are adorned with flower garlands (mala), given tika on their foreheads, and offered delicious meals.
In Nepali belief, dogs are also considered messengers of Yama, guiding souls in the afterlife.
Day 3: Laxmi Puja – Worship of the Goddess of Wealth
The third day marks the heart of Tihar, known as Laxmi Puja. Homes are decorated with lights, oil lamps (diyo), and colorful rangolis to welcome Goddess Laxmi, the bringer of wealth and prosperity.
As evening falls, every window and door glows with devotion, while the sounds of deusi bhailo (traditional songs) fill the air, symbolizing joy, unity, and community blessings.
Day 4: Govardhan Puja, Cow Puja, and Mha Puja (Newar Tradition)
On the fourth day, traditions vary across Nepal. Many worship the cow, a symbol of motherhood, wealth, and purity.
In Newar communities, this day is celebrated as Mha Puja, a ritual that honors one’s own body and soul. People sit in sacred mandalas, offering prayers and blessings to themselves and their loved ones for good health and prosperity in the year ahead.
This day also marks the Newar New Year, celebrated with feasts, lights, and songs.
Day 5: Bhai Tika – Celebration of the Bond Between Siblings
The final day, Bhai Tika, celebrates love and gratitude between brothers and sisters. Sisters apply a seven-colored tika on their brothers’ foreheads, offer sweets and gifts, and pray for their long lives. In return, brothers give presents and promise to protect their sisters.
This sacred ritual strengthens the everlasting bond between siblings and is one of the most heartfelt traditions in Nepali culture.